Manwosi engineer's analysis of common faults of automobile shock absorber

With the improvement of people's living standards, at present, many families in China generally own cars. With the more and more extensive application of automobile, as an important part of automobile, the use of shock absorber has attracted more and more attention. The shock absorber in the automobile suspension system is an important part of the automobile. Its working principle depends on the energy generated in the attenuation movement. At present, from the situation of shock absorbers on the market in China, there are still some problems in the process of driving. Manwosi engineers analyze and study the shock absorber to solve its problems in the process of vehicle driving.

1 basic information of automobile shock absorber

We can see from the literal meaning of shock absorber that shock absorber is a kind of equipment to reduce or slow down the vibration of automobile. Most of the shock absorbers on the market now exist in the suspension system of every car. In life, shock absorbers are mainly used to slow down the resistance caused by the uneven road surface. The use of shock absorber ensures the safety of life and property of car passengers. In order to give full play to the function of the shock absorber, we must ensure that it can only be in the best state of the shock absorber. Therefore, the daily inspection and maintenance of the shock absorber by the staff is essential. At the beginning, the main structure of automobile damping system is spring. The advantage of spring damper is that the damping performance is stable and reliable, but the disadvantage is that it can not absorb the energy generated by mechanical vibration, and it is easy to produce resonance. The working principle of the hydraulic shock absorber is that the vibration can be attenuated by the damping force of the oil flowing through the hollow throttling channel made of rubber. In the 1930s, the rocker shock absorber was born, which gradually replaced the hydraulic shock absorber born in the 1980s and has been widely used. The advantage of rocker damper is good stability, safety and reliability, and can overcome the environment with high working pressure. The disadvantage of rocker damper is that the wear of piston and the change of temperature will directly affect the damping effect of automobile. Rocker damper has huge volume and complex internal structure. Based on a series of shortcomings of the rocker shock absorber, the hydraulic shock absorber was born in the 1940s and replaced the rocker shock absorber. Among them, the double cylinder hydraulic shock absorber with obvious advantages is the most widely used in HSA, including the characteristics of light weight, long service time and low cost. At the same time, its disadvantages are also obvious. For example, when the shock absorber is running at high speed, it is easy to fail to refuel in real time, resulting in work obstacles. When the vehicle cannot absorb vibration, it will also cause damage and noise. Because of the defects of the cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber, the gas filled shock absorber with high performance stood out in the 1950s. The internal structure of GSA is to install a floating piston under the cylinder barrel to create a closed gas chamber filled with high-pressure nitrogen. The working principle of GSA is that the piston can move repeatedly through the vibration started by the car, and the oil pressure difference can be generated in the upper and lower cavities of the piston. By allowing the pressure oil to open the compression valve and the rebound valve, it can flow back and forth, and the damping effect can be achieved by virtue of the damping formed by the pressure oil.

2 fault types of automobile shock absorber

Make sure that the shock absorber can operate normally when driving. First, if the car needs to stop after driving for a certain distance on uneven roads, and then put your hand outside the shock absorber. If the outside of the shock absorber is not hot, it means that the internal resistance of the shock absorber is small or no resistance, indicating that the working state of the shock absorber is not very good. The solution is to add a little lubricating oil to the shock absorber. If the outside of the shock absorber is hot, it means that the shock absorber is short of oil, then add oil. If the outside of the shock absorber is still not hot, the shock absorber is capable. Second, you can deliberately slow down for emergency braking when driving. If the vibration of the car is very strong, there must be something wrong with the shock absorber. Third, it is more troublesome. You need to remove the shock absorber in the car, stand it up, and pull and press the shock absorber rod several times. At this time, there should be stable resistance. At the same time, the resistance of upward pulling must be greater than that of downward pressing. If the resistance is unstable or there is no resistance, it may be because there is a lack of oil in the shock absorber, and it should be repaired or replaced.

Analysis of common faults of automobile shock absorber by manworth Engineer (Fig. 2)

3 fault analysis of automobile shock absorber

The solutions to several common faults of automobile shock absorber have been introduced in detail above. If the problems of automobile shock absorber are determined during the driving of automobile road, certain maintenance measures can be taken for automobile shock absorber. First, when the automobile shock absorber fails, the automobile shock absorber should be inspected quickly and comprehensively, mainly to check whether there is oil leakage in the automobile shock absorber, and conduct a comprehensive and detailed inspection on the shock absorber. Second, if it is found that the sealing washer and oil seal washer inside the shock absorber structure are damaged or the nut in the oil storage cylinder head of the shock absorber is loose when inspecting the automobile shock absorber, the nut will be loose because the sealing washer or oil seal washer has no initial force. If the automobile shock absorber still leaks oil after replacing the normal oil seal washer and sealing washer, the automobile shock absorber must be taken out of the automobile. In the process of taking it out, if both hands can feel that the weight of the left and right hands is different or stuck, the gap between the automobile shock absorber piston and the cylinder barrel should be carefully checked, Basically, the main reason for this situation is that the gap between the cylinder barrel of the automobile shock absorber and the piston is too large. Don't forget to check the bending of the piston connecting rod of the automobile shock absorber and whether there are scratches on the piston surface and cylinder barrel. Third, if there is no oil leakage of the automobile shock absorber during the inspection process, the connecting port or rubber sleeve of the automobile shock absorber should be carefully inspected. If these parts fall off, damage, loss, damage and other phenomena occur, the maintenance personnel must take corresponding maintenance measures in time. If none of the above tested parts is abnormal during the test, the automobile shock absorber must be disassembled to check the internal conditions. For example, check the tension on the steel cylinder of the shock absorber, the gap between the piston and the cylinder, the sealing of the shock absorber valve, the tight connection between the valve and the valve seat, the damage of the extension spring A series of situations such as the inconsistency between relevant accessories and standards, so the maintenance personnel must fully and accurately understand and master the problems of all automobile shock absorbers, and then take corresponding measures to repair the automobile shock absorbers with accurate pertinence and reasonable purpose. Fourth, the automobile shock absorber may have noise problems during operation. The noise problems are mainly caused by the collision between the automobile shock absorber and the leaf spring, the frame or the axle during operation, or by the damage of the rubber pad, the deformation of the dust cylinder, the reduction of oil in the shock absorber, etc. In order to ensure the good and stable operation of the automobile shock absorber, the performance test of the automobile shock absorber must be carried out on the professional test bench after the inspection and maintenance of the automobile shock absorber. If the internal resistance frequency of the shock absorber is 100 ± LMM during the test, it means that it meets the relevant regulations and standards of the automobile shock absorber. If there are no conditions, other methods can also be used to check and test the automobile shock absorber.

4 Conclusion

In a word, several common faults of automobile shock absorber include oil leakage, scratch of shock absorber components and other fault phenomena. In order to maintain well, maintenance personnel must first master and understand the fault types of automobile shock absorber and come up with maintenance measures. The serious vibration problems during driving will reduce the stability and comfort of the vehicle, reduce the safety of the vehicle, and reduce the life cycle of the parts in the vehicle. In order to further ensure the very good operation of automobile shock absorbers and strict requirements for automobile comfort and safety, the role of automobile shock absorbers is more obvious. The research and development of shock absorbers with good performance to meet the high-speed operation of automobiles has become an urgent problem for the rapid development of automobiles.